Golang slice 源码阅读与分析
翻Golang代码:
type slice struct {
array unsafe.Pointer
len int
cap int
}
slice 的array是一个指针,指向一块连续内存。
再看 growslice
函数,这是append调用的函数
func growslice(et *_type, old slice, cap int) slice {
if raceenabled {
callerpc := getcallerpc(unsafe.Pointer(&et))
racereadrangepc(old.array, uintptr(old.len*int(et.size)), callerpc, funcPC(growslice))
}
if msanenabled {
msanread(old.array, uintptr(old.len*int(et.size)))
}
if et.size == 0 {
if cap < old.cap {
panic(errorString("growslice: cap out of range"))
}
// append should not create a slice with nil pointer but non-zero len.
// We assume that append doesn't need to preserve old.array in this case.
return slice{unsafe.Pointer(&zerobase), old.len, cap}
}
newcap := old.cap
doublecap := newcap + newcap
if cap > doublecap {
newcap = cap
} else {
if old.len < 1024 {
newcap = doublecap
} else {
for newcap < cap {
newcap += newcap / 4
}
}
}
var lenmem, newlenmem, capmem uintptr
const ptrSize = unsafe.Sizeof((*byte)(nil))
switch et.size {
case 1:
lenmem = uintptr(old.len)
newlenmem = uintptr(cap)
capmem = roundupsize(uintptr(newcap))
newcap = int(capmem)
case ptrSize:
lenmem = uintptr(old.len) * ptrSize
newlenmem = uintptr(cap) * ptrSize
capmem = roundupsize(uintptr(newcap) * ptrSize)
newcap = int(capmem / ptrSize)
default:
lenmem = uintptr(old.len) * et.size
newlenmem = uintptr(cap) * et.size
capmem = roundupsize(uintptr(newcap) * et.size)
newcap = int(capmem / et.size)
}
if cap < old.cap || uintptr(newcap) > maxSliceCap(et.size) {
panic(errorString("growslice: cap out of range"))
}
var p unsafe.Pointer
if et.kind&kindNoPointers != 0 {
p = mallocgc(capmem, nil, false)
memmove(p, old.array, lenmem)
// The append() that calls growslice is going to overwrite from old.len to cap (which will be the new length).
// Only clear the part that will not be overwritten.
memclrNoHeapPointers(add(p, newlenmem), capmem-newlenmem)
} else {
// Note: can't use rawmem (which avoids zeroing of memory), because then GC can scan uninitialized memory.
p = mallocgc(capmem, et, true)
if !writeBarrier.enabled {
memmove(p, old.array, lenmem)
} else {
for i := uintptr(0); i < lenmem; i += et.size {
typedmemmove(et, add(p, i), add(old.array, i))
}
}
}
return slice{p, old.len, newcap}
}
可以看出slice每次扩容的实现是在小于1024的时候每次乘以2,之后在小于cap的时候每次 加1/4,一直到超过为止。
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